多功能小型生物撞击机的研制与应用

The Development and Application of a Minitype Multifunctional Bio impactor

研制一套集柔性撞击、刚性撞击和细胞损伤于一体的多功能致伤装置及简易伤情评估系统。应用空气动力学原理、微弱信号检测技术和机电一体化的方法研制而成 ,通过更换撞击头可实现柔性撞击、刚性撞击和细胞损伤 ,通过眼、脑、肺和细胞进行实验研究。该系统通过微机对致伤参数进行精确控制 ,实时测试致伤参数 ,并对损伤前后的神经功能进行评估。实验结果表明 :采用不同的驱动压可分别造成轻、中、重度的损伤模型 :柔性撞击致大鼠脑损伤为 40 0、6 0 0、70 0 k Pa;兔视网膜挫伤为 6 0 0、80 0、10 0 0 k Pa;刚性撞击致大鼠肺损伤为 30 0、45 0、6 0 0 k Pa;细胞损伤为 10 0、15 0、2 0 0 k Pa。本装置具有操作简便、定量可控、重复性好、应用广泛等优点 ,可非常方便地复制出小动物不同部位 ,不同种类和不同程度的损伤模型。

This study was aimed to develop a device that can be used for gas percussion, rigid impact, cell injury and simple estimation of the condition of injury. The device has been developed with the use of aerodynamical principle, measuring technique for feeble signal, and integration of machine electricity. The gas percussion, rigid impact, and cell injury can be produced by altering impact tip. It was examined in the experimental researches of eye, brain, lung and cell injury; the parameters of causing injury could be controlled and on line tested by the computer. The neurological states of pre and post injury were evaluated with the device. The results of animal experiments showed that mild, moderate and severe injury models were produced by gas pressure respectively. The pressure was 400、600、700 kPa for rats brain gas percussion injury, 600、 800、1000 kPa for rabbits' retinal contusion, 300、450、600 kPa for rats' lung rigid impact injury, and 100、150、200 kPa for cultured cells' injury. In conclusion, the device is simple and easy to use for making controllable injury models, in which different parts and levels of injuries on different minitype animals can be reproduced.