道德建设的公民认同路径

Path of Citizen Identity to Moral Construction

个人权利价值取向的普遍化是社会的道德现状,道德建设要帮助人们认识在现代社会个人权利属于公民权,以平等为基础,同公民义务相联系,逻辑地蕴含着对公共利益的尊重。自我中心、否定公共利益并不是个人权利的必然走向,而是其被抛弃了平等基础、公民义务后将自我利益膨胀到了极端的表现,是极其有害的;为了克服个人权利膨胀为自我中心、损人利己,要引导公民不仅要追求个人利益同时也要认同公共利益。因此,第一,引导人们认识利益相关性对公民权利的限定从而能够关注公共利益,避免极端个人主义。第二,提高人们对公民认同之于个人权利实现的价值的认识,以激励公民对公共利益的认同。第三,打造有利于公民认同的制度环境,用制度保障公民认同。

The universalization of value -orientation to individual rights is social moral status. Moral con- struction will help people recognize that individual rights belong to the citizenship in modem society, based on equality, linked with civil duties and implied logically the respect to the public interest. Individual rights don＇ t trend inevitably to egocentrism and negative public interests, which is an extreme form of pri- vate interests＇ expansion as abandoned the foundation of equality and civil duties. It is extremely harmful. In order to overcome egocentrism and avoid the personal benefits at the expense of others, people are guided not only to pursuit the private interests but also to admit public interests. Therefore, it should, first- ly, direct people to understand the interests＇ correlation, which limited the rights of citizens, then to con- cem about the public interest, to avoid extreme individualism; secondly, improve people＇s awareness that citizen identity has an important value for the realization of individual rights, to motivate the citizen recog- nition to public interest; thirdly, create institutional environments to ensure the citizen identity.