基于关联类型的汉语语块分类体系探讨

A Study of Chinese Language Chunks Classification System Based on Correlation Type

语块是指在语言运用中作为一个整体储存、提取和使用的语言单位。整体性是语块的本质特性,而整体性的体现就是构成成分之间的关联,主要包括:整体意义关联、语用关联、搭配关联与频率关联。不同的关联类型所体现出的整体性程度有所不同。本文根据语块构成成分之间的关联类型及其结构,构建了汉语语块分类系统,将汉语语块分为短语、固定语句和框架三大类,其下又分出十一个次类,论文简要论述了各类语块的性质和特点。

Language chunks are the language units which are stored, extracted and used as a whole. Integrity is the essential characteristic of language chunks, and the embodiment of integrity is the correlation among the composi- tions of language chunks which mainly include the whole meaning correlation, pragmatics correlation, collocation correlation and frequency correlation. Different correlation type reflects the different holistic degree. According to the correlation type among the composition of language chunks and the structure, the paper constructs the classifica- tion system of Chinese language chunks. Chinese language chunks are divided into phrase, formulaic sentence and the frame which consist of eleven subtypes. The paper briefly discusses the features of language chunks of the sub- types.