可证明安全高效的仲裁量子签名方案

Provable Secure Efficient Arbitrated Quantum Signature Scheme

针对以往一些仲裁量子签名(AQS)方案无法抵抗接收者的已知明文攻击的缺点,提出了一种高效抗伪造的AQS方案.在新方案中,签名者将每个EPR(Einstein-Padolsky-Rosen)粒子对中的2个粒子分别发送给签名者和接收者.签名者将该粒子与签名消息纠缠后对其测量,接收者根据收到的粒子串和测量结果恢复消息,并对2个粒子串进行比较判断,以此来保证量子签名的完整性.在签名时,签名者将量子信息通过变量加密后发送给接收者,以保证签名者和接收者都不能对签名进行抵赖.同时,新方案将一种特殊的量子门操作和量子一次一密结合起来以此保证接收者无法进行已知明文攻击.

Through security analysis the receiver can realize existential forgery of the signer＇s signature under known-plaintext attack. And a new efficient arbitrated quantum signature （AQS） scheme is intro- duced in which the signer sends the each Einstein-Padolsky-Rosen （EPR） pairs to the signer and the re- ceiver. The signer measures the entanglement photons, and the receiver recovers the encrypted quantum message with the received particle and the measurement. By comparing the recovery quantum message with original message, it can ensure the integrity of the signature. In signing phrase, the signer uses new encrypted method to sign the quantum message with the variable, that guarantees the receiver and the signer cannot disavow the signature. The new scheme combines a special quantum gate operation with quantum one-time pads, and it guarantees the receiver cannot use known-plaintext attack and forge the signature.