脑转移癌静点甘露醇引起静脉炎的护理观察

Nursing Observation of Phlebitis Caused by Intravenous Drip of Mannitol in Patients with Cerebral Metastases

目的探讨甘露醇引起静脉炎的发生原因、临床表现及护理干预措施。方法选取胸外科2010年11月-2012年9月186例患者,均为肿瘤晚期脑转移,需要静滴甘露醇治疗脑水肿,随机分成实验组(94例)和对照组(92例),实验组将甘露醇加热至36℃左右,输液液体距离穿刺部位调高至150 cm左右,采用24 G安全型留置针;对照组不做以上护理干预;分别观察两组静脉炎的发生率、发生时间及严重程度。结果实验组采用提高甘露醇的温度、抬高液体高度和采用细型号针头的护理干预后,静脉炎的发生率、发生时间及严重程度均低于对照组。结论通过改变甘露醇的温度、抬高液体高度和采用24 G静脉留置针,可降低静脉炎的发生率。

Objective To investigate the cause, clinical manifestations and nursing interventions of phlebitis caused by intrave- nous drip of mannitol in patients with cerebral metastases. Methods Total 186 patients with cerebral metastases undergoing the intravenous drip of mannitol for cerebral edema in our department from November 2010 to September 2012 were enrolled and ran- domly divided into experimental group （94 cases） and control group （92 cases）. In the experimental group, the mannitol was heat- ed to about 36 ~C ,the distance between the infusion bottle and puncture site was increased to about 150 cm,24 G safety type in- dwelting needle was used ; The nursing care mentioned above was not performed in the control group. The incidence, time and se- verity of phlebitis was recorded and compared between the two groups. Results The incidence, time and severity of phlebitis in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group. Conclusion By changing the temperature of mannitol, in- creasing the distance between infusion bottle and puncture site, and using 24 G indwelling needle can reduce the incidence of phlebitis.