库尔勒香梨生长季节冠层内温湿度变化规律研究

Study on Temperature and Humidity Changing Law of Korla Fragrant Pear in the Growing Season

为探明库尔勒香梨冠层内不同部位微气候的差异,用10台EI-USB-2[1].0温湿度记录仪对冠层不同部位温湿度的日变化及季节变化进行测定。结果表明,冠层上层温度高于下层,不同部位间温度差最大达到9.5℃,3月至7月份平均温度逐渐升高,之后开始降低。从4月中旬开始,上层温度大于下层;冠层下层相对湿度高于上层,下层由内向外逐渐增大,上层逐渐减小,不同部位间相对湿度差最大达到18.6%,3月至5月份平均相对湿度逐渐减小,之后逐渐增大;垂直部位间温度与相对湿度的差异均大于水平部位。冠层内枝叶数量与叶幕结构的不同可以造成冠层内温度与相对湿度的明显差异,并且晴天的差异大于阴天,改变树冠内的枝叶结构能调节冠层内的温湿度。

The aim of this paper was to study the temperature and humidity change law in the crown of Korla fragrant pear and provide theoretical basis for culturing reasonable structure. The EI-USB-2[1].0 Temperature and Humidity Recorder was used to measure the diurnal and season variation of temperature and humidity in the different parts of Korla fragrant pear canopy.The results showed that the temperature on upper level in the eanopy was higher than that on lower level.The greatest difference in temperature in different parts was 9.5 ℃ ,the average temperature was gradually increased from Mar. to Jul., then it be- gins to decrease.The temperature on upper level was higher than that on lower level;The relative humidity in canopy lower level was higher than that on upper level, the humidity was gradually increased from inside to outside and humidity on upper level was gradually decreased.The greatest difference of relaltive humidi- ty in different parts was 18.6%.The average relative humidity was gradually decreased from March to July, then gradually increased;The difference between temperature and relative humidity of the vertical position was greater than that of the horizontal one.