重庆缙云山森林生态系统服务功能价值评估

Value assessment on service function of forest ecosystem in Jinyun Mountain, Chongqing City of southwestern China.

通过野外实地调查、典型样地试验及生态站长期观测等手段,以重庆缙云山4种典型森林类型为研究对象,对其2010年涵养水源、保育土壤、固碳释氧、积累营养物质、净化空气、生物多样性保护和森林游憩7项服务功能价值作了评估。结果表明:缙云山森林生态系统4种森林类型提供的生态系统服务功能总价值为10.99亿元/a,单位面积生态系统服务功能价值为14.46万元/(hm2·a)。7项森林生态系统服务功能价值为:森林游憩(2.82亿元/a)>生物多样性保护(2.56亿元/a)>涵养水源(2.25亿元/a)>保育土壤(1.60亿元/a)>固碳释氧(1.37亿元/a)>营养物质积累(0.36亿元/a)>净化空气(0.04亿元/a)。4种森林类型单位面积生态系统服务功能价值(森林游憩价值功能除外)中,针阔混交林、常绿阔叶林、灌木林服务功能价值接近,分别为11.21万、11.07万和10.84万元/(hm2·a);竹林服务功能价值最低,为6.98万元/(hm2·a)。

Based on field investigation, experiments in typical sample plots and long-term observation, service function of forest ecosystem in Jinyun Mountain of southwestern China in 2010 was evaluated. Totally seven kinds of ecological service functions of four typical forest types were studied, including water conservation, soil conservation and fertility maintenance, CO2 fixation and 02 generation, nutriment accumulation, air purification, biodiversity protection and forest recreation. Results showed that the total value of forest ecosystem services in Jinyun Mountain was 1. 099 billion RMB/a, and the unit value was 14.46 x 104 RMB/（hm2· a）. The order of seven ecological functions was given as followings： forest recreation （ 0. 282 billion RMB/a） 〉 biodiversity protection （ 0. 256 billion RMB/a ） 〉 water conservation （0. 225 billion RMB/a） 〉 soil conservation and fertility maintenance （0. 160 billion RMB/ a） 〉 CO2 fixation and 02 generation （0. 137 billion RMB/a） 〉 nutriment accumulation （0. 036 billion RMB/a） 〉 air purification （0. 004 billion RMB/a）. In terms of the unit value of ecosystem service function （except for the forest recreation function） , bamboo forest had the lowest value of 6.98 x 104 RMB/（ hm2· a） , mixed broadleaf-conifer forest （ 11.21x 104 RMB/（ hm2 · a） ） , evergreen broadleaved forest （ 11.07 x 104 RMB/（ hm2 · a） ） and shrubbery （ 10.84 x 104 RMB/（ hm2 · a） ） got approximately same value.