东海稀有鱼类——冠丝鳍鱼的形态与分布

The morphology and distribution of rare fish,Zu cristatus (Lampridiformes,Trachipteridae) in the East China Sea

1999～2011年东海渔业资源监测调查共采集到273 ind冠丝鳍鱼(Zu cristatus)样本。这是我国首次报道在东海海域采集到该种稀有鱼类。冠丝鳍鱼的主要形态特征为:背鳍6+129;胸鳍11;腹鳍Ⅰ,5;尾鳍9+3;侧线鳞112;鳃耙2+9。体极侧扁,前部高大,肛门后急剧变细,侧线完全。背鳍前部1～6鳍条和腹鳍延长成细丝状。调查结果显示,冠丝鳍鱼仅在夏季出现于东海海域,从南到北均有分布,分布范围为27°00'～32°30'N、122°00'～127°00'E,集中出现于台湾暖流与黑潮暖流之间以及黄海暖流和黑潮暖流的交界水域。冠丝鳍鱼作为暖水性鱼种,主要栖息于热带水域,在东海海域出现主要是受黑潮暖流势力的影响。

According to 273 samples of Zu cristatus （Bonelli, 1819）, collected during the bottom trawl fishery resource surveys in the East China Sea （ECS） from 1999 to 2011, the morphology and distribution of this kind of rare fish were analyzed. It was also the first time such species had been gathered in ECS. The paper showed the morphology of Zu cristatus ： D. 6 ＋ 129 ; P. 11 ; V. I, 5 ; C. 9 ＋ 3 ; lateral line scales 112; GR. 2 ＋ 9. The body was compressed, after anus was distinctly tapering. Lateral line was complete. Anterior 6 soft rays of dorsal fin and pectoral fin were extended into filamentous. The results indicated that the individuals of Zu cristatus were found in summer in ECS. The south-north distribution range was in the area 27°00＇ N - 32° 30＇ N and 122° 00＇ - 27°00＇ E, where environmental conditions were influenced by the Kuroshio current, the Taiwai Warm current and the Yellow Sea warm current. As a warm-water fish species, the stock of Zu cristatus was mainly distributed in tropical waters. The appearance of Zu cristatus in ECS was primarily influenced by the intensification of the Kuroshio current.