地震导致渗漏的供水管网水力模拟

Simulation for Leaky Water Distribution System Caused by Earthquake

为研究地震导致渗漏的供水管网的水力特性,引入日本水道协会提出的震害计算式,改进地震导致的供水管网渗漏的计算方法,构建地震导致渗漏的供水管网水力模型。提出适用于低压供水管网"分步迭代"的水力计算方法,实现对不同地震烈度下供水管网的漏损量、节点压力及流量的定量分析。基于EPANET软件,对举例供水管网应用所构建的模型和"分步迭代"水力计算方法,预测了其在不同地震烈度下的水力状态。预测结果表明,构建的模型能合理描述震损管网的水力特性,所提出的方法能避免水力计算时迭代的发散、提高迭代的收敛速度,并可直接应用现有商业软件求解。

In order to analyze the hydraulic characteristics of the leaky water distribution system （WDS） caused by earthquake, the method to calculate the leakage flow of WDS in a possible earthquake was improved by introducing the formula suggested by Japan Water Works Association （JWWA） to calculate the failure probability of pipes in an earthquake, and the hydraulic model for leaky WDS caused by earthquake was established. A novel method of hydraulic calculation named ＂two-step iteration＂ was developed specially to simulate the WDS with deficient operating pressure, so as to realize the quantitative analysis of leakage flow, pressure and flow of WDS in different earthquake intensities. Finally, the proposed model and method were implemented to predict the performance of a sample networks in different earthquake intensities based on the EPANET software. The prediction results indicate that the proposed model can describe the hydraulic characteristics of damaged WDS in a possible earthquake reasonably the presented method can avoid the iteration divergence and improve the rate of iteration convergence in the process of hydraulic calculation. Furthermore, the model can be solved by the existing calculation software directly.