福州圣约翰堂的建筑特征及其文物价值

The Architectural Characteristics and Heritage Values of St.John’s Church in Fuzhou

1847年(清道光二十七年),美国的基督教传教士来到福州,在随后的几年中,英美各差会陆续派遣传教士来福州传教,由此揭开了外国传教士在榕近一个世纪的传教历史。建于1861年的福州圣约翰堂,作为早期出现在福州的新教教堂,是中西文化碰撞与融合的典型实例,也是一份珍贵的近代建筑遗产。该文从建筑史学和文化遗产保护的角度出发,通过对圣约翰堂的史料考证和遗存实测,从教堂的历史沿革、选址背景、建筑特征和建筑风格等4个方面,探究宗教在福州传播的历史,考察宗教建筑圣约翰堂的建筑特征及其文物价值,进而对近代建筑遗产的保护提出恢复教堂功能、提升文化品位和发掘观赏价值等几点建议。

American Protestant missionaries first came to Fuzhou in the year Daoguang 27th of Qing Dynasty （AD1847） . In the next few years, Great British and American Missionary Societies sent missionaries to Fuzhou for preaching in succession, which started nearly a century of foreign missionaries＇ history in Fuzhou. St. John＇s Church in Fuzhou was built in 1861. As an early Protestant church in Fuzhou, it is a typical example of the conflicts and combination of eastern and western cultures, and if is also a valuable heritage of modern architecture. From the perspectives of architectural history and protection of cultural heritage, according to the textual research and survey of the remains of St. John＇s Church, the article explores the history of religion spread in Fuzhou from the following four aspects： history, site background, architectural characteristics and architectural style. It also studies the characteristics and heritage values of St. John＇s Church in Fuzhou, and gives some suggestions on the protection of the modern architectural heritage recovery of the church＇s function, promotion of the cultural taste and exploration of the ornamental value and so on.