我院2012年儿科病原菌耐药性及抗菌药物使用分析

Analysis of Drug Resistance of Pathogenic Bacteria and the Use of Antibacterials in Pediatric Inpatients of Our Hospital in 2012

目的:了解我院儿科患者感染的主要病原菌、耐药现状以及抗菌药物的使用情况,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法:回顾性分析2012年儿科住院患者抗菌药物的使用及同期临床检出常见致病菌的耐药情况。抗菌药物的使用以抗菌药物的品种、用药金额、用药频度(DDDs)等指标进行统计分析。结果:儿科患者感染的主要病原菌为肺炎链球菌(24.20%)、大肠埃希菌(18.67%)、副流感嗜血杆菌(11.79%)、金黄色葡萄球菌(7.62%)、表皮葡萄球菌(7.13%)、铜绿假单胞菌(5.28%);产β-内酰胺酶表皮葡萄球菌检出率较高,占58.62%,耐药性比较严重。抗菌药物DDDs排在前3位的是头孢西丁、头孢唑肟、头孢孟多酯。结论:从细菌耐药性来看,我院抗生素的选用比较合理;对耐药性较强的品种可采取限用、停用、轮换使用等措施,以减少耐药细菌的产生。

OBJECTIVE： To investigate the main pathogenic bacteria and drug resistance of them, use of antibacterial in pediat- ric inpatients of our hospital, in order to provide reference for rational drug use in the clinic. METHODS ： The use of antibacterial and drug resistance of common pathogenic bacteria in pediatric inpatients were analyzed retrospectively in 2012. The use of antibac- terial was analyzed statistically in terms of varieties, consumption sum and DDDs. RESULTS： The main pathogenic bacteria of pe- diatric inpatients were Streptococcus pneumonia （24.20%）, Escherichia coli （18.67%）, Haemoph ilus parainfluenzae （11.79%）, Staphylococcus aureus （7.62%）, ESBLs-producing Staphylococcus epidermidis （7.13%）, Pseudomonas aeruginosa （5.28%）. The detection rate of ESBLs-producing Staphylococcus epidermidis was the highest, accounting for 58.62%, and bacteria resistance was serious. The top 3 antibacterial in terms of DDDs were cefoxitin, ceftizoxime and cefamandole. CONCLUSIONS： From bacte- ria resistance, the selection of antibacterial is reasonable in our hospilal. The use of variety with strong drug resistance should be strictly controlled, stopped or interchanged so as to reduce the drug resistance of bacterial.