网络数字雹雨分测仪技术试验研究

Experimental Investigation on Technical Issues of Digital Network Hail-Rain Tester

介绍了网络数字雹雨分测仪的传感器结构和工作原理:利用浮力定律,翻斗计量,微机记录,网络传输等工作原理,模拟实验了理论数值和实验数值间的计量误差,探讨了误差产生的原因及野外观测调节技术和蒸发补偿订正等。经试验表明,各种部件结构科学、稳定、误差小、整体性能良好。野外观测资料表明,网络雹雨分测仪所测雨量与自动站观测的雨量误差在可接受范围;由于能同时进行雹雨分测,对极端冰雹天气具有实时监测优势,在野外林果和农作物雹灾危害评估中有重要作用,具有与遥测雨量计和其他遥测气象要素仪器一样的现代化水平,可广泛应用于农业和林业灾害野外监测网络之中。

The structural principles of the sensor in 'Digital Network Hail Rain Tester'(DNHRT) are introduced.Based on the principles of buoyancy,tipping-bucket rain-gauge measurement,computer recording,and network transmission,the measurement errors between the theoretical and experimental values are simulated,and such technical issues as the causes of the errors,field observation regulations,and evaporation compensation revision are discussed.The tests reveal that DNHRT has a reasonable and reliable structure and good performance;the experimental results are stable and have negligible measurement errors.The field data indicate that the measured rainfall difference between DNHRT and automatic weather station observations is in an acceptable range.DNHRT has the advantage of real-time monitoring of extreme hail events,for it can measure hail and rain separately at the same time,so can play an vital role in the assessment of hail disasters on wild fruits and crops.It can be widely used in the field monitoring network of disasters in agriculture and forestry with the same modernization level as telemetry rain gauges and other remote sensing devices of meteorological elements.