喀斯特深水型水库生态环境问题及其防治对策:以贵阳市两湖为例

Eco-environmental Issues of Karst Deepwater Reservoir and the Strategies: Taking Hongfeng Lake and Baihua Lake as a case

贵阳市两湖(红枫湖、百花湖)是典型的喀斯特深水型水库,同时又是贵阳市城区及清镇市最主要的饮用水源,其生态环境的好坏直接关系到贵阳市市民身体健康甚至生命安全。有针对性地探讨了在两湖地区面临的工业"三废"污染、农业面源污染、地质灾害和生物多样受损等一系列的生态环境问题,分析了产生问题的原因、特征及发展趋势,提出了加强湖区涨落带土地的管理及合理利用、实施污染物控制工程及发展湖区环境友好型生态农业、加强污染物防治的制度建设及规范管理、建立湖区水质监测预警系统和实施湖区污染的生物修复技术等对策。

Hongfeng Lake and Baihua lake are typical karst deepwater reservoirs, and they are also the main drinking water source for Guiyang and Qingzhen, the ecological environment of which has direct relation to citizens＂ health or even life safety. In this paper a series of eco-environmental issues in the region of Hongfeng Lake and Baihua Lake, including industrial ＂three wastes＂ pollution, agricultural non-point source pollution, geological disasters and biodiversity damage, were specifically explored. The cause of these problems, characteristics and development trend were analyzed, and the corresponding countermeasures were proposed, including strengthening the management and rational utilization of land of the fluctuation belt, implementing pollution control projects and developing environment-friendly ecological agriculture, enhancing the institution building and standardized management of prevention and control of pollution, establishing the water quality monitoring and warning system and implementing bioremediation technology.