中国各地区高校科研的技术效率与规模调整——基于省级面板数据的DEA分析

The Technical Efficiency and Scale Adjustment of Scientific Research in Chinese Universities——Based on Provincial Panel Data DEA

为了动态地评价中国高校科研效率,整理了2001—2009年高校科研投入产出的省级面板数据,应用DEA方法(数据包络分析)对我国高校科研投入的技术效率与规模效率进行测算与分解。研究发现,我国高校科研投入产出效率整体不高,多数省份已经处于规模收益递减阶段。进一步对DEA非有效地区的投影及冗余进行分析结果显示,在不影响整体效率的情况下,科研投入和产出量都存在不同程度的可改进空间。据此,提出改进提高高校科研效率、缩小区域差距的政策建议。

In order to dynamically evaluate the scientific research efficiency of Chinese universities, this paper collected a provincial panel dataset of scientific research input and output from 2001 to 2009, employed DEA （data envelopment analysis） to calculate and decompose the technical efficiency and scale efficiency of universities＇ scientific research input. It found that, the scientific re- search efficiency of universities is low as a whole, and most provinces were at the stage of scale diminishing returns. Further projection and slackness analysis indicated that, under the condition of not affecting overall efficiency, there were rooms to improve both input and output efficiency. Based on these findings, it proposed specific policy suggestions to improve scientific research efficiency of universities and reduce regional gaps.