基于消费外部性的嫉妒行为研究

The Analysis of Behavior Caused by Envy Based on Consumption Externality

从经济学角度对嫉妒情绪进行研究,认为消费外部性是嫉妒的起因。消费外部性使个体在消费的效用上相互影响,即个体的效用不仅取决于其本身的消费水平,还取决于其他个体的消费水平。同时,利用消费效用函数,分析嫉妒者的行为,以及被嫉妒者对嫉妒行为的应对策略。研究结论表明:如果社会消费水平相差较小,嫉妒者产生良性的嫉妒情绪,社会达到"和平"均衡;如果社会消费水平差距较大,嫉妒者会产生恶性的嫉妒情绪,社会达到"约束消费"或"忍受破坏"均衡。

From an economic point of view,this paper analyses the behavior caused by envy which is an unpleasant emotion universally experienced by people.And we believe that the negative externality of consumption is the cause of envy.There is a mutual influence of individual utility gained by consumption based on consumption externality.The individual＇s utility of consumption depends not only on his own consumption level,but also on the level of others.With the application of consumption utility function,we firstly analyze the behavior of individuals who envy others,and the corresponding strategies of individuals who were envied.After several rounds of game,we get the following conclusions： If the gap between the consumption is small,the individuals generate moderate envy,and the society is to achieve ＂peace＂ equilibrium.However,if the level of social consumption gap is large,individuals will generate malignant envy,the society achieves ＂constrained consumption＂ or ＂endure destruction＂ equilibrium.