脑梗死并发脑卒中相关肺炎的临床特点

Clinical characteristics of patients with cerebral infarction associated pneumonia

目的探讨脑梗死并发脑卒中相关肺炎的临床特点。方法对2008-08—2012-08我院神经内科收治的800例脑梗死住院患者进行调查统计分析。结果脑梗死并发脑卒中相关肺炎感染率为10.0%;脑梗死并发脑卒中相关肺炎与年龄、吸烟、慢性支气管炎、糖尿病、既往卒中、意识障碍、大面积脑梗死相关,与性别、高血压、高血脂无明显关联;感染菌以革兰氏阴性菌发生率高,占69.51%,真菌性发生率最低。结论脑梗死并发脑卒中相关肺炎以革兰阴性菌为主要致病菌,年龄、吸烟、慢性支气管炎、糖尿病、既往脑卒中、意识障碍、大面积梗死为卒中相关肺炎的危险因素,在临床治疗和护理过程中应加强防护,减少感染发病率。

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of cerebral infarction complicated with stroke associated pneumonia. Methods From August 2008 to August 2012, 800 cases of cerebral infarction patients in our department were in- vestigated and analyzed. Results The infection rate of cerebral infarction associated pneumonia was 10%. Cerebral infarction complicated with stroke associated pneumonia was related to age, smoking, chronic bronchitis, diabetes mellitus, previous stroke, disorder of consciousness, large area cerebral infarction, and wasn＇t related to gender, hypertension, high blood fat. The infection rate of gram-negative bacteria was high, accounting for 69.51~, which was the lowest in fungal. Conclusion In pneumonia complicated cerebral infarction patients, gram-negative bacteria is the main pathogen. Age, smoking, chronic bron- chitis, diabetes mellitus, previous stroke, disorder of consciousness, large area infarction are risk factors of stroke associated pneumonia. Clinical treatment and nursing process should strengthen the protection to reduce the incidence of infection.