高油酸含量花生品种的多样性分析

Genetic Diversity Analysis on High Oleic Acid Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Varieties

以5个高油酸含量花生品种和1个普通油酸含量花生品种为试材,在调查测定农艺性状、种子脂肪酸含量和SSR引物扩增带型的基础上,分析高油酸含量花生品种的多样性。结果表明,5个高油酸含量的花生品种在主茎高、侧枝长、分枝数、饱果数、百果重和百仁重6个性状方面的差异明显;其油酸含量均在80%以上,而其他七种脂肪酸的含量各有差异;利用12对SSR引物进行PCR扩增分析,共扩增出50条带,其中40条呈现多态,供试品种间的遗传相似系数介于0.325～0.750之间,平均为0.655。聚类分析结果表明,同一育种单位品种间的遗传相似系数较高,首先聚类在一起;国内高油酸含量品种间的遗传基础相近,优先聚为一类;高油酸含量品种与普通油酸含量品种间的遗传相似系数低,最后聚在一起。

Based on investigation of the agronomic trait, GC determination of the fatty acid con- tent of seeds and SSR primer amplification belt type, 5 high and 1 normal oleic acid content peanut were taken as testing material to analyze variety of higher oleic acid content peanuts. 6 main charac- ters, including the height of the main stem, length of the lateral branches, number of lateral bran- ches, rate of plump pod, 100-pod weight and 100-kernel weight, showed obvious difference among the five high oleic acid content peanuts, and their oleic acid content were all above 80 % while the content of other 7 fatty acids were different. 50 belts were amplified through PCR amplification with 12 cou- ples of SSR primers, and 40 of which were polymorphic. GSC of cultivars were from 0. 325 to 0. 750, and the average value was 0. 655. Cluster analysis indicated that, GSC of the same breeding source was higher and clustered first, hereditary basises of civil high oleic acid content peanuts were similar and clustered preferentially. High oleic acid content peanuts and normal oleic acid content peanut hadlow GSC and clustered last.