中国上市商业银行竞争力测度与比较

Measurement and Comparison on the Competitiveness of China’s Listed Commercial Banks

本文选取12家上市商业银行2011年的指标数据,通过因子分析的方法对商业银行竞争力水平进行测度和排序。基于因子分析的结果对影响商业银行竞争力的指标因素进行分析,并对不同类型商业银行竞争力水平进行比较。结果表明:2011年,股份制商业银行竞争力水平高于国有大型商业银行;国有大型商业银行在盈利能力、资本状况、市场占有、业务拓展、风险管理等方面具有竞争优势;股份制商业银行在人力资源、资产配置、产品创新、综合经营、流动性管理方面具有竞争优势。

This paper puts forward the definition of competitiveness of commercial banks and selects the data of the year 2011 of 12 listed commericial banks and then estimates the ranking of competitiveness by means of factor analysis. On this basis, the paper analyzes the factors influencing the competitiveness of commercial banks and makes a comparison of the competiveness between different kinds of commercial banks. The findings indicate that in the year 2011 the competitiveness level of joint-stock commericial banks is overall higher than that of state-owned large commercial banks; the state-owned large commercial banks have a competitive advantage in terms of earning capacity, capital adequacy, market share, business development and risk management; joint-stock commercial banks have a competitive advantage in terms of human resources, asset allocation, product innovation, comprehensive operation, liquidity management.