摘要
车头时距是评价驾驶员驾驶安全性的重要指标。本研究针对驾驶员在驾驶中保持的车头时距提出了一种新的理论框架,将车辆跟驰状态分成两类:强跟驰和弱跟驰。处于强跟驰状态时,驾驶员保持最短车头时距;处于弱跟驰状态时,驾驶员保持舒适车头时距,即在最短车头时距的基础上预留出一定的心理裕量。根据大量车头时距的实测数据,本研究对理论框架的有效性进行验证。结果表明,本研究提出的理论框架能够较好地解释车头时距的实测数据,最短车头时距和舒适车头时距分别满足以1.55秒和2.60秒为均值,以0.48秒和1.13秒为标准差的正态分布,而车头时距的实测数据可以由这两个正态分布的混合分布来拟合。
Time headway is an important indicator of driving safety. The present study proposed a new theoretical framework about drivers ~ time headway choice, which divided car following status into two categories： strong car-following and weak car-following. In strong car- following status, drivers preferred to keep minimum time headway when driving; in weak car- following,drivers tended to keep comfortable time headway,adding a psychological margin on the basis of minimum time headway. Based on a mass of observational data of time headway, the new theoretical framework was verified. Results showed that this framework could explain the observational data of time headway well. The minimum time headway had a normal distribution with a mean of 1.55s and standard deviation of 0.48s,while the comfortable time headway had a normal distribution with a mean of 2. 60s and standard deviation of 1. 13s, and the mixed distribution of these two normal distributions could fit these observational data well.
出处
《工业工程与管理》
CSSCI
北大核心
2013年第2期131-135,140,共6页
Industrial Engineering and Management
基金
富士康擢才创研基金资助项目(11F81210003)
