我国当代大学生体育参与与社会化进程的实证研究

An Analysis of Equalization of Basic Public Service for Sports in the Eastern,Central and Western Regions of China

本文根据美国心理学家埃里克森的人格发展理论,将社会化概念操作化,以体育参与和社会化为主题,结合当代大学生的群体特征,对我国在校大学生进行实证研究。研究表明,大学生在运动中形成的自我意识是影响其社会化程度的重要变量,在自我意识形成的过程中,互动和社会比较机制发挥了关键作用。另外,大学生体育角色的养成主要来源于家庭,由家庭长辈所唤起,而在高校内,体育的校园环境成为大学生持续从事体育运动的重要他者。而且,研究还发现,高度组织化的运动形式有助于大学生最初参与体育和养成习惯,但严格组织化的运动对人自由发挥的限制会滋养一种对运动的社会性疏远。自主性的体育参与不会像组织化参与那样促进运动习惯的养成,但却有助于形成围绕体育的社会世界,群体的整合功能被凸显。

As a vast country, the development of the eastern, central and western regions is imbalanced in economics and society, which also influenced the basic public services for sports. Facing the ＂middle--income trap＂, basic public services for sports can promote the balanced development between different regions, which is an important aspect of building a harmonious society in China. Based on analysis of the development of sports in eastern, central and western China, under the principle of equalization, suggestions and strategies on the development of regional sports basic public services were launched.