黑杨叶片旱生结构的比较

Comparison on Drought Resistance on Anatomical Structures of Black Poplar Leaf

选取叶片厚度、主脉厚度、上表皮和下表皮厚度、上层栅栏组织和下层栅栏组织厚度、角质层厚度、栅栏组织厚度/叶肉组织厚度等旱生指标,对3个黑杨新无性系、母本69杨、南抗杨和陕林3号的叶片旱生结构进行解剖比较研究,采用模糊数学的隶属函数法对6个黑杨无性系(种)的抗旱性进行综合评价。同时,运用灰色关联度分析法研究8项叶片解剖指标与抗旱性的关系。结果表明:6个无性系(种)旱生能力强弱依次为:03-南4-1>03-北1-15>南抗杨>69杨>03-南1-13>陕林3号。以叶片解剖结构作为评价指标,新无性系03-南4-1和03-北1-15对干旱环境的适应能力优于03-南1-13。8项叶片解剖指标与抗旱性的关联度由大到小排序依次为:角质层厚度>下层栅栏组织厚度>上层栅栏组织厚度>叶片厚度>上表皮厚度>下表皮厚度>栅栏组织厚度/叶肉厚度>主脉厚度。其中角质层厚度、上层栅栏组织和下层栅栏组织厚度、叶片厚度等可作为黑杨抗旱性主要鉴定指标。

An anatomical comparative study was carried out on the xeromorphic structures of the leaves of six poplar clones,including three new clones（03-south1-13,03-north1-15 and 03-south4-1）,I-69（P.deltoides cl.＇Lux＇,female）,Populus deltoides cl.＇Nankang＇（P.deltoides cl.＇Lux＇×P.deltoides cl.＇Harvard＇） and Shaanxi No.3（P.deltoides cl.＇Lux＇×P.deltoides）.Xeromorphic structure indices were measured,such as the thicknesses of leaf blade,upper and lower palisade tissue,upper and lower epidermis,leaf cuticle and so on.Capabilities of drought resistance of the selected poplar species were comprehensively evaluated by applying the method of subordinate functions of fuzzy mathematics.Relationships between anatomical indices and drought resistance were examined by grey correlative analysis.The comprehensive evaluation demonstrated that the drought resistant capability decreased in the order of 03-south4-1,03-north1-15,P.deltoides cl.＇Nankang＇,I-69,03-south1-13,Shaanxi No.3.In the view of anatomical structure indices,03-south4-1 and 03-north1-15 were better in adapting to arid environments than 03-south1-13.The correlation degrees between the anatomical structure indices and drought resistant were in the order of the thicknesses of leaf cuticlelower palisade tissueupper palisade tissueleaf bladeupper epidermislower epidermispalisade tissue/ mesophyll tissueprincipal vain.The key indices of drought resistance in black poplar were the thicknesses of leaf cuticle,lower palisade,upper palisade tissue,leaf blade,which could be used for the evaluation of drought resistance of poplar species.