天津地区年龄相关性白内障患者术前角膜散光状况调查

Prevalence of corneal astigmatism before cataract surgery in Tianjin

目的:了解天津部分地区年龄相关性白内障患者术前角膜散光的分布特征,为临床医师合理选择人工晶状体提供参考。方法:收集2011年1月-2012年3月诊断为年龄相关性白内障,并拟行白内障超生乳化联合人工晶状体植入术的患者术前角膜屈光资料。对患者角膜屈光力、散光值、散光轴位进行描述性分析;对角膜屈光力、散光值、散光轴位与年龄的关系进行统计学分析。结果:确诊的年龄相关性白内障患者术眼1 035例,角膜散光值(1.18±0.80)D。顺规性散光360眼(24.7%),逆规性散光567眼(54.7%);顺规性散光>1.00D为163眼(15.7%),逆规性散光>0.75D为407眼(39.2%)。角膜屈光力各年龄组间角膜平轴屈光力,角膜陡轴屈光力分布无统计学差异。散光值在40～49岁组及50～59岁组与≥80岁组间差异有统计学意义。年龄增长与散光轴位变化呈正相关(Pearson R=0.290)。结论:天津地区诊断为年龄相关性白内障患者的术前角膜散光有较高的患病率,共计670眼(54.9%)需要进行角膜散光矫正;随年龄增长散光轴位有由顺规性散光向逆规性散光变化趋势。

Objective： To make an acknowledgement of the distribution of corneal astigmatism in patients before surgery in some of Tianjin district. Methods： Collecting all the information of patients who were diagnosed as aging relative cataract, and would undergo cataract phaeoemulsifieation and intraocular lens implantation sm＇gery. The refractive power of cornea, relationship between age and pow- er of cornea, astigmatism ,and axis of astigmatism were analyzed. Results： Among the 1 035 eyes, the mean corneal astigmatism was （1.18±0.80）D. Astigmatism with the rule was in 360 （24.7%）eyes, astigmatism against the rule was in 567 （54.7%）eyes. Among 163 （ 15.7% ）eyes of the astigmatism with the rule, corneal astigmatism was more than 1.0D. Among 407 （39.2%）eyes of the against the rule, corneal astigmatism was more than 0.75D. Among different age groups, the astigmatism values among the group aging from 40-49, aging from 50-59 and aging over 80 were obviously different. Astigmatism axis had positive correlation relationship（Pearson R=0.290） with age. Conclusion： The patients diagnosed as aging relative cataract has a higher prevalence rate of getting corneal astigmatism, and 670 （54.9%）patients need corneal astigmatism correction. Axis of astigmatism has the trend to change from ＂with the rule ＂ to ＂against the rule ＂with age.