云南干热河谷优良牧草的筛选

Selection of Superior Pastures in the Arid-hot Valleys of Yunnan

1999～2011年,针对云南干热河谷自然生态条件,从国内外收集、引进278份牧草资源。根据牧草种质植物学特征和生物学习性,开展了137份牧草资源调查,经生育期、营养价值、生产价值及抗逆性评价,筛选出热研4号王草、红象草、热研8号坚尼草、多花黑麦草、百喜草、新银合欢、木豆、热研2号柱花草、甘农3号紫花苜蓿、提那罗新诺顿豆等一批适应干热河谷种植、应用在本区生态养殖和生态环境建设的优良牧草。这些牧草表现出一定的速生性,生长季生物产量高。其中热带牧草抗逆性强,能够抵御干热河谷高温干旱生态环境;豆科牧草粗蛋白含量高,营养价值丰富。

Based on the natural ecological condition of dry-hot valley in Yunnan province,278 herbage resources were introduced at home and abroad from 1999 to 2011.Based on the phytological characteristic and biologic habit of 278 herbage resources,by the evaluation of growth period condition,trophic value,production value and stress resistance from 137 herbage resources,we screened a lot of excellent forage germplasm resources,such as Pennisetum purpureum K.Scbumacb ×P.typhoideum Rich,Pennisetum purpureum cv.Red,Panicum maximum cv.Reyan No.8,Lolium multflorum Lam cv.spp,Paspalum notatun Flugge cv.spp,Leuecaena leucocephala（Lam.） de wit,Cajanus cajan,Stylosanthes gianensis cv.Reyan No.2,Medicago stativa L.cv.Gannong No.3 and Neonotonia wightii（Wight Arn.）,which were adapted to grow in the dry-hot valley and should be used high output in growth period and fast-growth.Among these selected forges,the tropical forges could resist heat in biological breeding and ecological environment build.These excellent forges have some advantages,such as and drought in dry-hot valley.And some leguminous plants had high crude protein content and trophic value.