视网膜脱离模型的实验研究

Experimental study of retinal detachment models

目的 :尝试在兔眼上建立有效的实验性视网膜脱离 (retinaldetachment,RD) ,为今后研究RD复位后视功能损害机理奠定基础。方法 :14只成年灰兔 ,分为实验组和对照组。实验组在显微镜下使用 2 7G前房注射针在赤道部视网膜上造孔后 ,注射 0 .1%透明质酸钠 0 .2～ 0 .3ml,可见视网膜呈灰白色隆起。术后观察 1～4周后进行组织学观察。结果 :术后 10 0 %实验兔发生RD ,范围达 75 %～ 85 %。所有眼反应轻微 ,玻璃体内未见明显炎症反应。RD维持 4～ 6天 ,平均 5 .2天。组织学切片显示RD眼玻璃体内少量炎症细胞浸润 ,术后 1周组和 2周组各有 1眼在镜下有浆液性扁平RD ,其余眼镜下均复位 ,未见炎性细胞浸润。结论 :通过在兔眼视网膜下注射透明质酸钠的方法建立RD动物模型 ,方法简便、实用、有效 ,为今后进一步研究RD后的视网膜改变奠定了实验基础。

Objective:We tried to produce an experimental model for retinal detachment (RD) to study the possible reasons for incomplete recovery of visual function after retinal reattachment.Methods:Fourteen pigmented rabbits were divided into four experimental groups and two control groups. An RD model was produced by infusing 0.1% sodium hyaluronate 0.2～0.3ml through a 27G microtubule between the neural retina and retinal pigment epithelium under the microscope. Histomorphological observation was performed by light microscopy after completion of the experiment.Results:After completion of the experiment, RD occurred in 100% of the experimental rabbits. The RD area extended from 70 to 85% of the retina. There was no obvious inflammation in any eye. RD was maintained from 4 to 6 days (average 5.2 days). RD eyes showed only a few inflamed cells in the vitreous under the microscope. One eye which seemed to have no RD under the ophthalmoscope 1 and 2 weeks after the experiment, showed a flat serous detachment under the microscope. All other eyes showed no inflammatory infiltration after retinal reattachment.Conclusion:The method of injecting sodium hyaluronate under the retina in rabbits to establish an RD model is convenient, practical and effective.