利用单幅影像及DEM数据进行森林火点定位及精度分析

Forest Fire-Point Location and Precision Analysis Based on Single Image and DEM

提出利用摄像机获取森林区域单幅影像,三维电子罗盘仪测定摄影瞬间摄影机三维姿态角,并结合被摄区域DEM数据确定森林火点位置的方法。理论仿真分析和现场试验证明,除粗差分布区域外,该方法能准确确定森林火点位置,火点位置精确可控制在100m以内,能满足森林防火对火点定位精度的要求。但该方法存在定位误差较大的粗差分布区域,在粗差分布区域内,其定位结果可能偏差较大。该方法定位精度与三维电子罗盘测定三维姿态角的精度、相机的内方位元素校正精度及DEM数据的高程精度等因素有关。

The forest fire location based on video detection is the key technology for fire monitoring. This paper puts forward the method of positioning forest fire through combined with a single image taken with video monitoring or camera, 3D attitude angle surveyed by three-dimensional electronic compass,and the DEM data of the subject area. It is proved that the fire point location accuracy can be controlled under 100 m through theoretical simulation analyzing and field experiments beyond the gross error zone. This method can satisfy the requirements of the forest fire point positioning accuracy. However,the detection accuracy is not high in the gross error zone,the precision can be correlated with the survey accuracy of the 3D attitude angle by the three-dimensional electronic compass,the camera’s interior orientation elements and DEM.