山西省部分人群胆道疾病患病情况及危险因素调查

Investigation of the prevalence of and risk factors for biliary tract disease in different populations in Shanxi Province

目的了解山西省城乡居民胆道疾病的患病情况,为制定相应的防治措施提供理论依据。方法采用整群随机抽样方法,以村(居委会)为抽样单位,抽取太原市的3个居委会和神池县城关镇及2个村作为调查点,对常住居民胆道疾病患病及危险因素进行调查。结果共调查3064人,其中男性1526人,女性1538人。胆道疾病总患病率为8.71%(267/3064),其中男性为7.21%(110/1526),女性为10.21%(157/1538),差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.67,P<0.05);太原市为7.25%(112/1545),神池县为10.20%(155/1519),差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.41,P<0.05);胆囊炎的总患病率为3.56%(109/3064),其中太原市为2.98%(46/1545),神池县为4.15%(63/1519);胆结石的总患病率为5.16%(158/3064),其中太原市为4.27%(66/1545),神池县为6.06%(92/1519)。调查发现中年人群、肥胖和饮食不规律是胆道疾病的高危因素。结论胆道疾病的发生与年龄、性别、生活饮食习惯有关。应加强宣传教育,倡导健康生活方式,提高居民健康指数和生活质量。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of and risk factors for biliary tract disease in Shanxi Province in order to provide a theoretical basis for the formulation of appropriate preventive measures. Methods Random cluster sampling of villages （neighborhood committees） was performed. Three neighborhood committees from the City of Taiyuan and 2 villages from Shenchi County were selected as survey sites to investigate the prevalence of and risk factors for biliary tract disease in residents of these areas. Results In total, 3,064 individuals （1,526 males and 1,538 females） were surveyed. The total prevalence of biliary tract disease was 8.71% （267/3064）. Prevalence in men was 7.21% （110/1526）and prevalence in women was 10.21% （157/1538）. Women had a markedly higher prevalence than men, and the difference was statistically significant（χ^28.67,P=0.003）. The prevalence of biliary tract disease was 7.25%（112/1545）in Taiyuan and 10.20%（155/1519）in Shenchi. Biliary tract disease was more prevalent in Shenchi County than in the City of Taiyuan, and the difference was statistically significant（χ^28.41,P=0.004）. The total prevalence of cholecystitis was 3.56% （109/3064）. The prevalence of cholecystitis was 2.98%（46/1545） in Taiyuan and 4.15% （63/1519）in Shenchi County. The total prevalence of gallstones was 5.16% （158/3064）. The prevalence of gallstones was 4.27%（66/1545）in Taiyuan and was 6.06%（92/1519）in Shenchi County. The survey suggested that being middle-aged, obese, and having an irregular diet were risk factors for biliary disease. Conclusion The development of biliary tract disease was associated with age, gender, lifestyle, and diet. Public education should be enhanced and healthy lifestyles should be encouraged to improve the health indices and quality of life of residents.