改善生育卫生服务研究的主要结果与讨论

Main Findings and Preliminary Analysis of a Reproductive Health Improvement Study in Rural China

由福特基金会资助的“改善生育卫生服务项目”,于1998年12月至1999年4月组织河南省嵩县、山西省榆社、贵州省大方、青海省互助4县开展了关于生育卫生服务需求的定性和定量调研。根据调研结果研究者认为,在我国贫困农村虽然开展了多项生育卫生服务,但依然存在大量问题。目前服务能力明显不足,质量不高,农民缺乏保健意识和卫生信息来源,支付能力差,服务利用率低下。农民对生育卫生服务有很大的现实的与潜在的需求,而这些需求远未得到满足。在贫困农村地区,应首先做好孕产妇保健,保证安全分娩;为男女双方提供知情选择的优质避孕节育服务;预防和治疗生殖道感染;大力倡导男性参与。

Under the Reproductive Health Service Improvement Project (RHIP) sponsored by the Ford Foundation,a survey with both qualitative and quantitative methods was carried out in four rural counties of China from December 1998 to April 1999. This paper summarizes the main findings and discusses the priorities and strategies for improving reproductive health in poor areas of rural China. Based on the survey the authors concluded that although some services were provided in rural areas, there were still large gaps and many challenges. The service capacity in rural areas was insufficient and service quality was poor.Peasants,especially village women lacked health awareness and source of health information,had limited ability to afford the services and therefore service utilization were inadequate. Farmers had a great deal of existing and potential needs in reproductive health services, but these needs were unmet to a great extent. In poor rural areas the priorities of reproductive health services include to strengthen maternity care and ensure safe motherhood, provide informed choice and high quality of services for fertility regulation, prevent and treat reproductive tract infections (RTIs) ,and actively advocate male's participation in reproductive health improvement.