“诗人之赋”与“辞人之赋”——论扬雄的赋学批评

The Fu of the Songs Poets and the Fu of the Rhapsodists

扬雄的赋学批评以五十岁为界,分为前后两期。在其前期的赋学批评观念中,主要表现为对司马相如赋的模拟与崇尚,甚至认为相如赋是"神化所至";在其后期的赋学批评观念中,则表现为对赋的"劝百风一"的反思,对"诗人之赋"与"辞人之赋"的区分。而"丽以则"的价值准衡,则在其前后两期的赋学观念中始终一以贯之,并对后世的文学观念产生了深远的影响。

Yang xiong＇ s idea on Fu Criticism can be divided into two stages according to his lifetime. In the fist stage before his 50 years old, he admired Sima Xiangru＇ s Fu and praised his works. In the last stage after his 50 years old, his idea on Fu criticism not only embdodied the reflection on the thoght ＂Fu has more encouragement, less suasion＂, but also the difference between the Fu Criti- cism and the Fu of the Songs Poets. Generally, the idea of ＂the FU of the Songs poets are beautiful,but maitain standars＂is always ex- pressed in his two stages, and meanwhile, this idea have had a huge influence in the history of the Chinese classical literature.