行政体制改革的动因、目标和难题

The Reform of Political Institutions: Motivations,Goals and Problems

行政体制改革与动因驱使、目标导向、目标实现程度与要解决问题的难度相关。文章认为,改革开放以来的历次行政体制改革,存在着分别反映经济体制改革、政治体制改革、社会发展诉求以及解决行政体制即政府本身问题的多重动因,其中,社会民生诉求作为新动因将成为后续行政体制改革的主要动因;由多重动因决定的历次行政体制改革目标具有叠加特征,而建设服务型政府将成为后续行政体制改革的统合性主导目标;行政体制改革的成效受制于若干实践难题,这些难题是后续行政体制改革需要深入研究和破解的现实问题。

The reform of political institutions is closely related to its inner momentum, goal-orientation, goal achievement and difficulties of problems to be solved. The previous reforms of political institutions hold various inner momentums which reflect various problems during the economic system reform, political system reform, appeal for social development, and political institu- tions reform. The paper holds that the appeal for the improvement of people＇ s livelihood as a new momentum will be the main driving force of the coming political institutions reforms. The goals of the previous political institutions reforms based on multi-mo- mentums are characterized by multi-layers, and the primary goal of the coming political institutions reforms is to build a service- oriented government. The effects of the political institutions reforms will be influenced by some difficult problems in practice and these difficult problems need to be solved in the coming political institutions reforms.