社会化媒体时代的三种媒介素养及其关系

Three kinds of Media Literacy in Social Media Era and Their Relationships

社会化媒体以新的传播机制,对信息传播格局带来影响,并对现实社会产生越来越大的作用。社会化媒体的传播特点,也对公众、传媒业者以及政府机构与官员的媒介素养提出了新的要求。对于公众来说,社会化媒体时代的媒介素养应该包括媒介使用素养、信息生产素养、信息消费素养、社会交往素养、社会协作素养、社会参与素养等。对于传媒业者来说,社会化媒体时代对他们的媒介素养提出的新要求包括,对社会化媒体的认识与运用能力,社会化媒体时代的数据与技术素养,在社会化媒体中"公"、"私"界限的把握能力等。对政府机构和官员来说,媒介素养不是简单的"应对媒体"的能力,而应该表现为对媒体角色、功能的认知及相应权利的保障,对社会化媒体价值的认知及对公众相应权利的保障,信息公开渠道的建设与保障,与媒体及公众的交流意识和能力。公众媒介素养、传媒业者的媒介素养以及政府机构与官员的媒介素养,这三者是同时存在、相互依赖的关系。对于一个平衡的、积极的信息传播系统来说,三者缺一不可。

The social media is not only changing the media industry and the society with a new information spreading model, but also puts forward higher requirements on the media literacy of public, media people, government institutions and the officials. For the public, the media literacy in the social media time includes the literacy of media usage, information production, informa- tion consumption, social communication, social collaboration and social participation. The media people should be trained to have new abilities including abilities to understand and apply social media, abilities to use data and new technologies, and abilities to understand and master the boundary of ＂the public＂ and ＂the private＂ in the social media time. For the government institutions and officials, the media literacy means the assurance of media＇ s right, the role of social media, the expressive right of public, the ability to communicate between media and the public, and improvement of government information openness system. The a- bove three kinds of media literacy are three important factors contributing to a balanced and dynamic information system.