区域产业生态足迹变化的实证研究——以新疆为例

An Empirical Study on Industrial Ecological Footprint Change in Xinjiang

在改革开放30年尤其国家实施西部大开发战略以来,新疆经济得到了快速发展。但独特的地理气候条件使得其生态环境比较脆弱,生态承载力相对低下,生态环境的"瓶颈效应"也就更为突出。依据生态足迹理论与方法,对新疆2001-2009年间的生态足迹进行了计算,并对生态足迹进行了产业分解。结果发现,第一产业生态足迹所占比例最高、生态效率最低;第二产业生态效率较高,但是其生态足迹所占比重较高,且呈现出增加的趋势;第三产业生态足迹的比重最低,且其生态效率远远高于其他产业。通过评估各产业自然资源的利用程度,可以为政府制定相应的经济政策,保持经济、资源、环境协调发展提供参考。

After 30 years’ reform and opening up,in particular after countries implemented the western development strategy,Xinjiang’s economy had achieved rapid development.The unique geographical and climatic conditions maked the ecological environment more fragile,ecological carrying capacity was relatively low,and the ＂bottleneck effect＂ of the ecological environment was also more prominent.Ecological footprint of Xinjiang from 2001 to 2009 was calculated using the model of ecological footprint.Decomposing ecological footprint into sectors,the occupancy percentage of first industry was in top,but its utilization efficiency was the worst;the occupancy percentage of secondary industry was higher,and showing a rising trend,its utilization efficiency was higher;the occupancy percentage of third industry was the lowest,and its utilization efficiency was much higher than other industries.By assessing the extent of industrial use of natural resources,reference for the government to formulate appropriate economic policies and maintain coordinated development of economic,resource,and environment was put forward.