5种杀虫剂对不同时期花生田暗黑鳃金龟幼虫防治效果评价

The Control Efficiency of Five Insecticides to Holotrichia parallclaLarva in Peanut Field at Different Periods

以花生品种冀花5号为试材,采用毒土法和拌种法,进行了3%呋喃丹颗粒剂60 kg/hm2、3%辛硫磷颗粒剂45 kg/hm2、15%毒死蜱颗粒剂15 kg/hm2、20%毒死蜱微胶囊悬浮剂30 g/kg和5%氯虫苯甲酰胺悬浮剂2 mL/kg田间防治蛴螬的效果比较试验。结果表明:花生苗期5种药剂对蛴螬均显示了较好的防治效果,防治效果为82.03%～91.41%,且各处理间差异不显著。花生收获期以20%毒死蜱微胶囊悬浮剂防治效果(85.08%)最好,15%毒死蜱颗粒剂和5%氯虫苯甲酰胺悬浮剂防治效果(分别为81.05%和80.57%)次之,三者差异均不显著;3%辛硫磷颗粒剂防治效果(58.11%)最低,且显著<其他处理。5种药剂对花生均显示了显著的增产效果,较对照增产10.00%～24.51%,其中,20%毒死蜱微囊悬浮剂处理的产量最高(3494.50 kg/hm2),15%毒死蜱颗粒剂和5%氯虫苯甲酰胺悬浮剂产量次之(分别为3 397.02 kg/hm2和3 339.23 kg/hm2),三者差异均不显著。在生产上防治花生田蛴螬时,可用毒死蜱和氯虫苯甲酰胺取代呋喃丹和辛硫磷。

Using peanut variety Jihua No. 5 as test material, the control efficiency of 3% carbofuran granules 60 kg/hm2, 3% phoxim granules 45 kg/hm2, 15% chlorpyrifos granule 15 kg/hm2, 20% chlorpyrifos microcapsule suspension agent 30 g/kg and 5% chlorantraniliprole suspending agent 2 mL/kg against grubs in peanut field were studied by toxic soil and dressing method. The results indicated that 5 insecticides showed good control effect to grubs in the peanut seedling stage, and with no significant differences between the treatments, the control effect ranged from 82.03% to 91.41%. The control efficiency of 20% chlorpyrifos microcapsule suspension agent （85.08%） was highest, that of 15% chlorpyrifos granule and 5% chlorantraniliprole suspending agent respectively were 81.05% and 80. 57% , the differences of three were not significant and the lowest was 3% phoxim granules, which the control efficiency was only 58.11% , and was significantly less than that of others. The yields of peanut with five insecticides were significantly increased by 10. 00% -24.51% than that of CK, the yield with 20% microcapsule suspension was highest, which was 3 494.50 kg/hm2, that of 15% chlorpyrifos granule and 5% chlorantraniliprole suspending agent respectively were 3 397.02 kg/hm2 and 3 339.23 kg/hm2, and the difference was not sigrificant among them. Chlorpyrifos and chlorantraniliprole could be used to instead of carbofuran and phoxim against grubs in peanut field.