基于生涯资本理论的大学生可就业性3C模型及其特征

On the "3C" Model and Characteristics of College Students' Employability Based on the Theory of Career Capital

大学生的可就业性是大学生就业的核心问题。从资源视角理解个体就业竞争力的生涯资本的观点可以更好地把握大学生的可就业性。通过系统的实证研究发现,我国大学生的可就业性由3种资本的8个因素构成3C模型:人力资本(人际关系、团队合作、学习能力、问题解决)、社会资本(社会支持、网络差异)、心理资本(乐观开朗、职业认同)。这3种资本的可就业性是一个相互联系、相互促进的整体。大学生3种资本的可就业性是其个人、学校、家庭三者综合作用的结果,其对大学生职业探索的价值需要看具体情景,可以整合大学生个人、高校、用人单位三个方面的力量共同促进大学生可就业性的开发。

College students＇ employability is the core problem of obtaining employment. To understand the career capital of individual competiveness of employability in the view of resources, we can know more about the employability of college students. With the systematic empirical study, it is tound out that the employability of Chinese college students is comprised of 3C （3 capitals） with 8 factors ： human capital （interpersonal relationship, team work, learning ability, problem solving）, social capitals （social support, network difference）, psychology capital （optimism, career identity）. The employability of the three capitals is an entirety of inten＇elation and mutual promotion. The employability of the three capitals of college students is resulted from the combination of individual, school and family. The value of the three capitals to the career exploration of college students depends on the specific situation. The three aspects such as the individuality, college and employer should be integrated to promote the development of employability of college students.