以学校支持组织改善教育公共服务——基于纽约市教育局的经验

Enhancing Educational Public Service with School-supporting Organizations——Based on the Experience of New York City Department of Education

纽约市教育局整合研究机构、高等院校,以及非营利性机构与私营机构等社会力量,建立了一批学校支持组织,为学校提供教育指导服务,为教师和校长提供专业发展培训,强化学校与家长、社区的联系等,有效地推动了地区中小学的快速发展。基于纽约市教育局的经验,我国教育公共服务应在以下几方面加以完善:政府应通过政策设计引导、鼓励支持组织的多样化发展,通过经费扶助有针对性地培育支持组织;构建多向诉求—回应通路,寻求支持方式的转换;建立支持组织准入标准与服务质量标准。

New York City Department of Education has established a number of school-supporting organizations by integrating research institutions, universities, non-profit organizations, private sectors and other social organizations. School-supporting organizations have provided schools with educational guidance, and teachers and principals with training of professional development, which have strengthened the relationship between schools and parents, and that of schools and communities. School-supporting organizations have effectively promoted regional primary and secondary schools＇ development and achieved remarkable results. Based on the experience of New York City Department of Education, public service of education in China should be improved from the following aspects. First, diversified development of school-supporting organizations should be supported by the design and guidance of policies. Second, school-supporting organizations should be developed specifically by funds. Third, muhi-path of appeal--response should be constructed. Fourth, the approval standards and service quality standards of school-supporting organizations should be established.