肱骨髁上部位局部三维构建及有限元分析

3D construction and finite element analysis of supracondylar part of humerus

目的探讨数字化三维重建技术建立的肱骨髁上部位有限元模型在肱骨髁上骨折研究的应用价值。方法 1具新鲜成人上肢标本灌注后行CT扫描,选取肱骨髁上部位CT图像并将CT数据导入MIMICS13.1软件,对肱骨髁上部位主要解剖结构进行三维构建。提取肱骨髁上部位三维模型,导入ANSYS 10.0软件中建立三维有限元模型。将模型按正常人体解剖位置固定,给予上端固定,要求远端各结点于X、Y、Z轴的位移为0,在内髁肱骨滑车施加尺骨作用力,在外髁肱骨小头施加桡骨作用力,分析尺桡侧加载外力后肱骨髁上部位应力分布情况。结果成功对肱骨髁上部位进行三维构建,并建立肱骨髁上部位有限元模型,该模型可以清楚显示肱骨髁上部位骨骼、血管、神经等主要解剖结构。在100～500 N负载压力下,肱骨髁上区尺侧平均应力值高于桡侧(P<0.05)。结论肱骨髁上部位主要解剖结构三维构建和有限元模型建立可为临床肱骨髁上骨折的研究提供损伤机制模型,外力加载后肱骨髁上部位尺侧受到的应力较大,肱骨内髁肱骨滑车上施加尺骨作用力更易导致肱骨髁上发生骨折。

Objective To explore the application value of finite element model of supracondylar part of humerus based on digital 3D reconstruction technology for the research of supracondylar fractures. Methods A fresh specimen of adult upper limb was chosen to undergo CT scan after perfusion. Data of selected CT images of humeral supracondylar part were imported into MIMICS 13.1 software, and then major anatomic structures of supracondylar part were constructed for building 3D finite element model with ANSYS 10.0 software. Upper end of sample was fixed according to normal human anatomic position, and the displacement of each node at distal end in X, Y, Z axis was set to 0. Stress distribution of supracondylar humerus site were analyzed after being added ulnar force on trochlea of the humerus condyle as well as radial force on the capitulum of lateral humeral