法条主义、实用主义与制度结构——基于英美的比较

Legalism, Pragmatism, and the Institutional Structure ： Based on the Comparison between UK and USA

在法官的司法过程中，法条主义与实用主义是主要的两种司法风格。在一国范围内，这种差异的产生往往来自于司法的制度结构与更广泛的法律文化。英国与美国虽同属英美法系，但在法官职业的准入、来源与制度结构上呈现出广泛的差异，导致了法官在司法过程中的不同倾向。而对于法条主义、实用主义及其各自所依赖的制度结构的讨论，也将有助于理解中国的选择与问题，尽管中国的制度环境远比英美更为复杂。

Legalism and Pragmatism are two major judicial styles in the judicial process. The differences always stem from the judicial institutional structures and le-gal culture. Although both in Anglo-American law system, there are kinds of differ-ences in requirements, origins and institutional structures of judicial profession, which lead to different judicial style, in UK and USA. The discussion of Legalism, Pragmatism and the institutional structures, also will benefit the understanding of problems and choices in China, though its institutional structure is more complicated than UK and USA.