单向度或互动的法律经济学——与波斯纳法官的跨洋对话

One Dimensional versus Interactive View on Economic Analysis of Law： An Academic Dialogue with Judge Posner

在波斯纳法官的法经济学体系中，财富最大化原则和成本一收益分析是其核心概念和基本方法。本文基于但不限于波斯纳法官的这一演讲文本，以一种语境论的视野和尽量进入普通法司法实践的精神，分别从法经济学和法律的实用主义之间的关系如何、“财富最大化”原则的内在困境何在、单向度的法律经济学是否存在理论局限性以及中国法官是否需要远离实践性的和实用主义考量这四个看似独立但却具有内在逻辑联系的问题切入，深入探讨法律经济学中的一些重要学理问题。基于此，就解释复杂多变的中国问题而言，“拿来主义”式的理论移植效果肯定不佳。我们更需要一种从人与人、人与制度、制度与制度之间的互动出发，以个体的成本一收益分析为基础，以博弈论和信息经济学为工具并以促进社会合作为目标的新法经济学。

It is well known that the principle of wealth maximization and the cost-benefit analysis are Judge Richard Posner＇s core concept and basic method in his theoretical system of law and economics. Based on most of Judge Posner＇s aca-demic writing and this speech draft, discussed some important theoretical issues in the economic analysis of law, such as the relationship of economics of law and legal pragmatism, the intrinsic difficulty of wealth maximization principle, the theory lim- itation of one dimensional view on law and economics, and the necessity of pragmatic consideration in Chinese judge＇s judicial decisions. So, in China, we might have more need a new economic analysis of law that starting from the perceptive of inter-action and based on cost-benefit analysis in the future.