宗教战略在美国公共外交中的运作——评杜鲁门政府建立的国际“宗教战线”

The Operation of the Religious Strategy in U.S. Public Diplomacy——Comments on Truman Administration Establishing International “Religious Front”

自"二战"结束后,杜鲁门政府就试图利用各种国内外宗教资源以建立国际反共"宗教战线",并为此采取了一系列的外交活动。在"危险地带"——意大利——的选举中,杜鲁门政府在国内动员各种宗教力量开展针对意大利民众的"书信运动",在意大利联合罗马天主教会,鼓动选民支持意大利基督教民主党,反对意大利共产党。杜鲁门政府开展的实为"公共外交"的活动,表明宗教与政治很难"分离",并因其能使外交政策合法化而沦为冷战时期美国外交政策的一种工具。

Since the end of World War II, the Truman administration had attempted to establish the internation- al anti-communist ＂religious front＂ by taking advantage of a variety of religious resources home and abroad, and had taken a series of diplomatic activities. In the election of ＂dangerous zone＂ in Italy, the Truman administra- tion mobilized kinds of religious forces at home to carry out ＂Letters of Campaign＂ aiming at Italian people, and also united the Roman Catholic Church in Italy to instigate voters to support Italian Christian Democratic Party and to oppose the Italian Communist Party. The activities carried out by the Truman administration were ＂public diplomacy＂ activities in fact, showing that the religion and politics are difficult to be separated, and religion can become a tool of U. S. foreign policy during the Cold War because of its role of legalizing the U.S. Diplomacy Operation.