宋代劳务市场发展状况研究

The Labor Market in Song Dynasty

劳务市场,是以提供劳务满足他人的某种需要而进行贸易活动的场所,宋代已经出现了现代意义的劳务市场。在城市中形成各种形式的劳务市场,有以牙人为中心的劳务市场;桥、街、市、巷口形成的劳务市场;有人情茶肆中的劳务市场;还出现了专门提供某种服务的劳务机构,各种类型的劳务市场能满足不同层次人群多样化的需求。镇市和农村的雇佣关系已非常普遍,所提供的劳务种类繁多,分工细密。随着劳务市场规模的发展,水平也不断提高。

The labor market is the place where providing laborers for service is the major business. There have been labor markets, in very modern sense, since Song Dynasty. Various forms of labor markets were available in cities, such as the agent-based laborer markets, location-based laborer markets （ bridges, streets, markets, ports ）, those in tea-houses, and those for special service. The different types laborer markets were for the need of various people. The employment relationship ,covering multiple services, between urban and rural regions was very popular. The quality developed along with the market size.