建构到失语——列宁与斯大林意识形态理论比较研究

From Construction to Loss of Voice——Comparative Study of Ideological Theory Between Lenin and Stalin

列宁坚持以唯物辩证原则作为意识形态的方法论,不再笼统地谈论意识形态的虚假性,而是直接地强调意识形态领导权对于无产阶级的重要意义,主张开展意识形态批判同时注重吸收人类文明的优秀成果,对无产阶级要进行意识形态灌输。斯大林坚持了马克思主义意识形态理论的某些基本观点,但由于形而上学的思维方式和国内外特殊环境所限,对马克思主义意识形态理论的理解与运用存在较大的偏差,使苏联意识形态独立话语被窒息,意识形态工作走向僵化和教条主义,也为社会主义意识形态工作留下了沉痛的教训。

Lenin adhered to the principle of dialectical materialist, as the methodology of ideology and no longer talked a- bout the falsity of ideology, but directly emphasized the significance of ideological leadership for the proletariat, developed i- deological criticism as well as absorbed excellent achievement of human civilization,instilling ideology to the proletariat. Be- cause of metaphysics mode of thinking and the special environments of home and abroad, there was a large deviation when Stalin understood and applied Lenin＇ s ideological theory, which smothered Soviet independent discourse of ideology, made i- deological work go rigid and dogmatism, and left expensive lessons for socialist ideological work.