朱子兴复白鹿洞书院动机之辨析——兼及宋朝书院官学化的问题

Analysis of ZhuXi's Motive of Reviving Bailudong Academy——Together on the Problem of State-run Academies in Song Dynasty

朱熹兴复白鹿洞书院的初始动机是要将其办成官学,①这既与理学书院长期在野讲学得不到朝廷政治认可有关,更与有宋书院官学化的"主动"特征相关联。文章以吕祖谦《白鹿洞书院记》为蓝本,分析了朱熹将书院主动"官学化"的政治因素和政体原因。得出了追寻政治上的"教化权力"与"治统"、"道统"形式上分立,本质上却高度和合的政体文化背景是宋朝书院官学化和朱熹欲将白鹿书院"官学化"的根本性原因。

The first motive of ZhuXi to revive Bailudong Academy is to make it a state - run school, Which is related with the fact that the Neo - confucious academies were not politically recognized, and with the initiative feature of state - run a- cademies in Song Dynasty as well. This paper, based wpon Account of Bailudong Academy By LV Zuqian, analyzed the politi- cal factors and governing system reasons of ZhuXi in making academies state - run ones, and concludes that pursuing discrete of teaching power between government and confucian orthodoxy inform, but in nature highly concordant governing system cul- tural background is the fundamental reason of making academies state - run ones in Song Dynasty and ZhuXi making Bailud- ong Academy official one.