华北平原大型灌区生态水文综合观测网络设计

Design of ecohydrological observation network in a large irrigation district of North China plain

清华大学水利水电工程系在华北平原地区建立生态水文综合观测网,进行农田生态水文综合试验研究。该观测网络通过对不同空间和时间尺度的水、热、物质循环的连续观测,形成对不同时间和空间尺度水循环机理的系统认识,为现代水文学与水资源科学的发展提供试验数据。同时,将该网络与卫星遥感观测相结合,可以将田间观测推广到全灌区,对指导该地区农业水资源管理和制定社会经济可持续发展规划具有重要的实践意义。该观测网络测量项目完整,观测手段先进,可为其他类似站网的建设提供参考。

The Weishan Irrigation District （Liaocheng, Shandong Province） is a typical irrigated area in the Northern China plain, and is the fifth largest region in China. In order to provide a platform for ecohydrological researches, an observation network is set up by the Department of Hydraulic Engineering of Tsinghua University, including the observation of water, energy, and carbon fluxes and other hydro- meteorological elements. This network aims to understand the key processes which control the water cycle, and to provide a basic data set for modern hydrology and water resources studies. In combination with remote sensing data, this network can be extended to the entire irrigation district, which is meaningful for practical water management and sustainable development planning. This network contains comprehensive observation items with advanced techniques, and can be a reference for other similar hydrological observations.