一株反硝化聚磷菌的脱氮、除磷能力及其固定化净化水体的研究

Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal Ability of a Denitrifying Phosphate Accumulating Bacteria and Its Immobilization on Water Purification

主要研究了反硝化聚磷微生物对湿地受氮、磷污染水体的净化功能及在实践应用中的技术可行性。研究基于从大庆龙凤湿地富营养化水体中分离并鉴定到的一株假单胞菌(Pseudomonas putida),将其命名为DQ1。结果表明,菌株DQ1在以硝酸盐为唯一氮源,以柠檬酸为唯一碳源,在30℃的条件下静止培养30h,能将培养液中91.64%的总氮去除,去除速率达到11.33mg/(L·h);在厌氧条件下培养2h,上清液总磷质量浓度上升27mg/L,菌株DQ1表现出明显的有氧反硝化聚磷的特性;静止培养28h,聚磷量则可达到94.72mg/L,磷去除率为99.6%。在高碳磷比和低碳磷比的污染体系中,菌株DQ1都对磷有较好的去除效果。DQ1固定化技术在湿地水体修复方面有很强的应用潜力,经过6h,水体中的氮和磷都能被有效去除,氨氮质量浓度由5.38mg/L降至检测限以下,而硝态氮去除率可达98.48%,磷去除率达到97.46%。

Effect of a denitrifying bacterial strain, which can accumulate phosphorus from wastewater, on drainage water restoration and its potential application value were investigated in this work. A Pseudomonas putida was isolated and identified from wastewater of Daqing wetland and was named as DQ1, which can survive in the medium composed of KNO3（as only nitrogen source） and citric acid （as only carbon source）. At 30 ℃, 91.64% total nitrogen can be removed from the culture solution （removal rate： 11.33 mg/（L·h）） and decrease the total nitrogen concentration from 371 to 31 mg/L（denitrification rate： 91.6%） within 30 h by this bacterial under static growth conditions. 27 mg/L within 2 hours and 94.72 mg/L phosphorus release rate within 28 hours can be observed in the anaerobic wastewater under the present of this bacterial strain. A significant feature can be observed in this bacterial is due to its denitrification in aerobic conditions. DQ1 can scavenge phosphorus efficiently, irrespective of high or low carbon-phosphorus ratio conditions. When the mimic eutrophic water of wetland was treated by this immobilized strain, both the nitrogen （98.48% removal rate for nitrate nitrogen and nearly 100% removal rate for the ammonium nitrogen） and phosphorus （97.46% removal rate） can be removed efficiently after 6 hours cultivation. It suggests that this bacterial strain can be practical used for eutrophic wastewater remediation in the wetlands.