围填海活动对我国河口三角洲湿地的影响

Effect of Reclamation Activities on Wetlands in Estuarine Delta in China

伴随着社会经济的发展和向海洋进军的热潮,围填海活动成为缓解滨海用地紧缺、促进滨海城市发展的重要方式。围填海活动在带来经济效益的同时,也对近岸资源和滨海湿地生态系统带来了巨大的威胁。河口三角洲地区位于河流的末端,是由河流、海洋和陆地等多系统水文过程交互作用形成的动态平衡系统,由于其地理位置的优越性往往成为围填海活动的密集地区,为此综述了我国典型河口三角洲(辽河三角洲、黄河三角洲、长江三角洲以及珠江三角洲)地区围填海活动的现状,以及围填海活动对河口三角洲植物、动物、土壤、水文等生态系统组成要素的影响。以期引起对河口三角洲围填海活动的关注,合理进行围填海,保护河口三角洲。

With the development of social economy, reclamation became one of the important ways to alleviate the coastal land shortage and to promote the development of coastal city economy. Reclamation brought enormous economic benefit, but also made the ecological system of the wetlands in huge threat. As we all know, estuarine delta as a typical transitional zone between land and ocean, is a multifunctional and complex ecosystem with special ecological values and potential resources. And estuarine delta often became the reclamation activities populated areas because of its location advantage. So we reviewed the status of reclamation activities of typical estuarine deltas in China, and the effect of reclamation activities on vegetation, animal, soil, hydrology and atmosphere of estuarine delta ecosystem, in order to improve the public attention of reclamation and protect the estuarine delta.