个性化家庭护理对喉气管术后患者舒适状况的影响研究

Effect of personalized family nursing on patients with laryngeal and tracheal postoperative comfort conditions

目的:探讨个性化家庭护理对喉气管术后患者舒适状况的影响,寻求提高喉气管术后患者舒适状况的最佳方法。方法:选取我院就诊并住院的喉气管外伤及其他涉及喉气管部位手术院后带气管套管者,需过渡期居家护理者。排除参与研究小于1个月及研究期间死亡或中途退出研究者,共35例患者完成一系列干预训练和测评。采用舒适状况量表分别在患者入院第1 d、第4周和2个月对上述患者进行舒适状况测评,观察患者疾病恢复情况。结果:12例患者在4周内成功撤出常规气管套管及喉模,3例患者4周撤出喉膜,2个月后拔管。20例患者在6～8周内拔除"T"型气管套管;经个性化家庭护理的患者,在入院第1 d、第4周和2个月的舒适状况(整体舒适及各维度)均有不同程度提高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:个性化家庭护理能够促进特殊喉气管术后患者尽早摘除气管套管,改善患者舒适状况,提高其生活质量,长期坚持治疗效果好。

Objective：To explore the influence of individualized family nursing on patients with laryngeal and tracheal postoperative comfort conditions, with the best method to improve laryngeal and tracheal postoperative patient comfort conditions. Metheds：Sdected the laryngotracheal injuries and others involved in hospital surgical tracheestomy after parts of the larynx and trachea,patients need family nursing during the transition period. Excluded from participation in research was less than one month, and death or quit halfway through the researchers during the study, a total of 35 patients through a series of training and evaluation of intervention. Used comfort status scale in the first day, after 4 weeks and 2 months respectively of comfort status assessment the above patients, observed the recovery of patients. Results： 12 patients withdraw the conventional tracheal cannula and larynx mould within 4 weeks,3 patients withdrawal of laryngeal membrane, after 4 weeks,pulled out the tube after two months. 20 patients pulled out ＂T＂ type tracheal cannula in 6 -8 weeks. With a personalized family nursing,in the hospital after first day,4 weeks and 2 months after hospital comfort situation （the overall comfort and dimensions） were improved in different degree, the difference was statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion：Personalized home nursing can promote special laryngeal and tracheal postoperative patients as early as possible removal of tracheal cannula, improve patient comfort level, improve their quality of life, adhere to the treatment effect is good.