如何理解我国的企业社会责任现状：政府和企业关系的视角

A Research on the Corporate Social Responsibility in China:From the Perspective of Relation between Government and Corporation

新制度主义理论认为,企业履行社会责任是源于企业非市场环境中的制度压力。制度压力包括认知、规范和规制三个方面。我国政府是企业履行社会责任的主要利益相关者,也是主要的制度压力来源。通过历时分析我国企业和政府的关系演变,以及中央政府和地方政府对企业社会责任的认知,认为我国政府对企业社会责任的认知和规制还存在缺陷,地方政府对企业的社会责任没有施加应有的制度压力,因而在地方政府和企业的同盟关系之下,企业往往表现出漠视企业社会责任。改变企业社会责任现状,需要政府加强对企业的合法性的制度压力,推进在社区层面政府、社会组织、企业的互动。

The new institutionalism considers that corporate social responsibility （CSR） is derived from the institutional pressure in the non-market environment. The institutional pressure includes cognition, norms and regulation. Government is the main sources of institutional pressures. The essay analyzes the evolution of relationship between corporations and government in our country, as well as the limited awareness of central and local governments on CSR. The essays found that local government hasn＇t exerted enough institutional pressure on the corporations, and therefore the corporations care little about CSR under the alliance with local government. In order to improve CSR, the government should strengthen valid institutional pressure on corporations and promote the interaction between the governments, NGOs and corporations at the community level.