2012年遵化市农村生活饮用水水质检测结果

Detection results of drinking water in rural area of Zunhua City in 2012

目的了解遵化市农村生活饮用水水质现状,提出改善对策。方法采集遵化市648个行政村的生活饮用水水质样品,并按照GB/T 5750-2006《生活饮用水标准检验方法》要求采样检测,按照GB 5749-2006《生活饮用水卫生标准》进行评价。结果 2012年遵化市农村生活饮用水水样1 086份,总合格率为43.9%。其中枯水期水样619份,合格率为41.0%;丰水期水样467份,合格率为34.9%。超标率较高的项目主要是总大肠菌群、硝酸盐、总硬度和溶解性总固体。小型集中式供水和分散式供水超标项总大肠菌群、硝酸盐、总硬度、溶解性总固体之间有显著性差异;丰水期和枯水期超标项目总大肠菌群、耐热大肠菌群、菌落总数、氟化物、溶解性总固体、总硬度之间有显著性差异。同时通过水质普查,新发现5个高氟水村。结论遵化市农村生活饮用水水质存在严重的微生物和有机物污染,农村地区供水消毒设施短缺,处理不到位,农村生活饮用水水质不容乐观,应认真落实农村饮水安全工程,采取得力措施,切实加强水源保护,对水质进行有效净化,加强农村饮水安全监督监测和评价,让群众喝上安全的饮水,改善农村人居环境,保障农民身体健康。

[Objective]To understand the status of drinking water quality in rural area of Zunhua City,provide the improved countermeasures.[Methods]The samples of drinking water were collected from 648 villages of Zunhua City.The sampling and detection were conducted according to the Standard examination methods for drinking water（GB/T 5750-2006）,and the results were evaluated according to the Drinking water sanitary standard（GB 5749-2006）.[Results]A total of 1 086 drinking water samples were detected in 2012,and the total qualified rate was 43.9%.There were 619 water samples in dry season with the qualified rate of 41.0%,and 467 water samples in wet season with the qualified rate of 34.9%.The indexes with higher over standard rate were mainly total coliform bacteria,nitrate,total hardness and total dissolved solids.There were significant differences in unqualified indexes of total coliform bacteria,nitrate,total hardness and total dissolved solids between small centralized water supply and decentralized water supply.The differences in unqualified indexes of total coliform bacteria,thermotolerant coliform bacteria,total bacteria counts,fluoride,total dissolved solids and total hardness between the wet seasons and the dry seasons were significant.5 high fluorine water villages were found by water quality survey.[Conclusion]There are serious microbiological and organic pollution in drinking water in rural area of Zunhua City.Due to lack of disinfection facilities and effective treatment,the drinking water quality in rural areas is not optimistic.It is necessary to implement the rural drinking water safety project,carry out the effective measures,strengthen the protection of water source and enhance the water purification,to improve the living environment in rural areas and ensure the farmers＇ health.