一起山区学校水源性细菌性痢疾暴发现场流行病学调查

Epidemiological survey on an outbreak of water-borne dysentery in countryside school

目的对一起水源性痢疾暴发进行流行病学调查,以查明疫情的暴发原因和来源,为采取相应的控制措施提供依据。方法建立病例定义,随机选择对照,开展病例对照研究和全人群对照研究,比较其饮水及饮食方面的差异。开展卫生学调查,明确疫情发生原因。结果共搜索病例85例,喝生水为该次疫情发生的危险因素(OR=2.93,95%CI=1.39～6.20)。2所学校共用同一水源,雨天河水被粪便污染,进入备用储水池,发病高峰前3天有降雨。结论 2所学校为共同的同一水源被宋内细菌污染致细菌性痢疾暴发,通过加强消毒与健康教育等措施可控制疫情。

[Objective]To perform epidemiological survey on an outbreak of water-borne dysentery,to identify the outbreak causes and sources,and provide evidence for adopting appropriate control measures.[Methods]The definition of the samples was established,the randomly chosen case-control study was performed,as well as whole populations to compare the differences on drinking water and diet.Hygienic investigation was conducted to clarify the exposure reasons.[Results] A total of 85 examples were collected.Drinking raw water was the risk factor of this outbreak（OR=2.93,95%CI=1.39-6.2）.The same source was shared for the two schools.The river was contaminated by the excrement and flowed into alternate tank in raining day.It rained 3 days before the incidence peak.[Conclusion]This outbreak of dysentery is caused by water which is contaminated by Shigella sonnei and not disinfected by chlorine from shared water source.Disinfection and health education should be strengthened to control the epidemic.