引黄灌溉水库地下水环境问题及治理措施研究

Research on Groundwater Environmental Problems and Control Measures about Irrigation Reservoir of Yellow River

针对引黄灌溉水库库区地下水环境问题,以濮阳水库为例,从水库改善库区生态用水,及对库区地下水环境影响程度角度出发,利用三维地下水渗流数值模型,对水库无防渗、铺盖和垂直防渗墙3种不同工况及防渗墙敏感性进行模拟,根据水库渗漏量及库岸后地下水位的变化,选取最优的治理措施。结果表明:对于透水层较厚,地下水埋深较大的灌溉水库,全截式垂直防渗墙可以有效控制库区渗漏量及维持原地下水环境状态,改善库区生态用水条件。

With the construction of the irrigation reservoir using the ation the Puyang Reservoir is used as an example and the reservoir Yellow River water, groundwater seepage the groundwater levels rise. Given this situ- field is simulated by using the three-dimem sional groundwater numerical model, including the simulations about the sensitivity of the anti-seepage walls, and the seepage fields are obtained under three different operating conditions： no control measures, blanket and anti-seepage wall measures. Considering the improvement the ecological water conditions and impaction of the groundwater environments in the reservoir area, the optimal control measure is selected by comparing the variation degree of the reservoir leakage and the groundwater levels behind the reservoir bank. In general, for this irrigation reservoir with the thick permeable layers and the large depth of groundwater levels, the vertical anti-seepage wall is the most effective, it not only reduces the leakage availability but also controls the impaction on the original groundwater environment, besides improving the ecological water conditions.