反枝苋种子形态与组分研究

The Morphology Characters and Component Analysis of Amaranthus retroflexus L. Seeds

对反枝苋种子形态特征和内含物组分含量进行了研究测定。结果表明:(1)反枝苋种子倒卵形或近圆形,边缘薄,成熟时黑色或黑褐色,具强光泽,种皮质硬,种脐位于种子基部缺口处,双子叶有胚乳种子。种子长宽为0.947 mm×1.068 mm,单粒重0.386 mg。(2)反枝苋种子发芽率为88%,在28℃恒温箱中约需1 d便可萌发,是子叶出土幼苗。(3)反枝苋种子粗脂肪含量0.068 4 mg/g,高于蛋白质(0.035 3 mg/g)和可溶性糖(0.012 6 mg/g)的含量,还含有Cu、Zn、Mn、Fe、Mg、Ga、K、Na等矿质元素,且Mg、Ga、K、Na含量明显高于其他矿质元素。

The morphology characters and component analysis of the seeds of Amaranthus been studied. The results showed that Amaranthus retroflexus L. seeds were obovate or nearly circular, margin thin, dark brown or black when mature, with strong luster, kind of cortical hard, hilum was located in the base of seeds, belonged to dicotyledon and albuminous seeds. The size of seeds was 0. 947 mm - 1. 068 mm, the weight of each seeds was 0. 386 mg. The germination percentage of the seeds was 88%. The germination time was about 1 day under hydroponics in 28 ℃ thermostat. It＇ s seedlings belonged to the epigaeous seedling. The contents of fat in the seeds were about 0. 068 4 mg/g. The other components of its seeds such as protein （0. 035 3 mg/g） ,sugar（0. 012 6 mg/g） were fewer than fat. There were also plenty of mineral elements such as Cu,Zn,Mn,Fe,Mg,Ga,K, Na in the seeds, and the content of Mg,Ga,K and Na was higher than other minerals elements.